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strike fighter
In current military parlance, a strike fighter is a multirole combat aircraft designed to operate primarily in the air-to-surface attack role while also incorporating certain performance characteristics of a fighter aircraft. As a category, it is distinct from fighter-bombers. It is a closely related concept to interdictor aircraft, but it puts more emphasis on air-to-air combat capabilities as a multirole combat aircraft. Examples of contemporary American strike fighters are the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, and Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II.
==History==
Beginning in the 1940s, the term "strike fighter" was occasionally used in navies to refer to fighter aircraft capable of performing air-to-surface strikes, such as the Westland Wyvern〔("Aerospace Engineering, Volume 6." ) ''Institute of the Aerospace Sciences, 1947.〕 and Blackburn Firebrand.〔(''The Aeroplane: Volume 75,'' 1948. )〕 It entered normal use in the United States Navy〔("Inside story of the troubled F/A-18." ) ''Popular Science,'' Volume 223, Issue 4, October 1983. ISSN 0161-73702. Retrieved: 23 December 2011. Quote: ... can fly either as a fighter or an attack plane () In Navy parlance, it is a strike fighter.〕 by the end of the 1970s, becoming the official〔("The FY 1981 military programs." ) ''Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,'' Volume 36, Issue 6, June 1980, p. 38. ISSN 0096-3402. Retrieved: 23 December 2011.〕 description of the new McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet. In 1983, the U.S. Navy even renamed each existing Fighter Attack Squadron to Strike Fighter Squadron to emphasize〔Polmar 1997, p. 343.〕 the air-to-surface mission (as the "Fighter Attack" designation was confused with the "Fighter" designation, which flew pure air-to-air missions).
This name quickly spread to non-maritime use. When the F-15E Strike Eagle came into service, it was originally called a "dual role fighter",〔''Defence Update (International),'' Issues 79-84, p. 43.〕 but it instead quickly became known as a "strike fighter".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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